The Grapes of Wrath - Turtle Symbolism

Classic books like The Grapes of Wrath are famous for their unique approach on literary devices, especially symbolism. In the novel, there are many symbols that represent something in the bigger picture, and one example of that is the turtle that is introduced in the beginning of the novel. It climbs up the grass and onto the highway. As it is making its way across the road, a man in a truck attempts to hit the turtle (Steinbeck 15). Although he does not succeed in fully running the turtle over, he does nick the edge of the turtle’s shell, flipping it back over on its back. After much struggle, the turtle picks itself back up and continues on its way. The turtle symbolizes the Joad family. In a way, the turtle’s struggle on the highway is foreshadowing the struggle the Joads will have on their journey to California.

The turtle, a small and helpless animal caught in a bad situation, keeps its head up and does not give up when knocked over time and time again. Something bigger and more powerful tries to bring the turtle down. Similar to the turtle, the Joads are a helpless and innocent family caught in the grasp of corrupt business and land owners. They are forced to subdue their anger because ultimately they can do nothing about it. The truck that attempts to hit the turtle is a roadblock in the small animal’s life. It is up to the creature whether it will continue on in its journey, or give up and head back. The Joads have to make a parallel decision in their lives. Will they let the big businesses bring them down and let them win? Or will they continue on like the turtle and keep their heads up high when faced with trials and tribulations? In the end, they do continue to fight and are not oppressed (despite the times they feel they can no longer go) by the obstacles in their way.

I think Steinbeck deserves much credit for using such a creative symbol such as the turtle. It made me think that no matter how small you seem in your walk with life, your pride and courage is so much bigger in the end.

Steinbeck, John. The Grapes of Wrath. New York: Penguin, 2006. Print.